Add Layer for easy ansatz creation

[Jacomichi]

Change

• Implement Layer and ParameterizedLayer.
• I have implemented automated parameter generation for the ParameterizedLayer.
• I introduce ParameterContext to avoid collision of the name of the parameter in each layer.
• Implement predefined Ansatz (HardwareEfficientSU2Ansatz) by using above system
• Introduce CustomAnsatz (I guess there exists better name) for easy and flexible ansatz creation.

Example

The code below is the example code for hand writing version of the hardware efficient ansatz.

num_qubits = 4
layers = [
    qm_l.RotationLayer(num_qubits, rotation_type="ry"),
    qm_l.RotationLayer(num_qubits, rotation_type="rz"),
    qm_l.EntanglementLayer(num_qubits,entangle_type="linear"),
]
custom_ansatz = CustomAnsatz(num_qubits, layers, reps=3)
handmade_su2 = custom_ansatz.get_circuit()

# Add final rotation layer by hand
handmade_su2.append(qm_l.RotationLayer(num_qubits, rotation_type="ry", parameter_context=custom_ansatz.parameter_context).get_circuit())
handmade_su2.append(qm_l.RotationLayer(num_qubits, rotation_type="rz", parameter_context=custom_ansatz.parameter_context).get_circuit())

More example is in the notebook (https://github.com/Jij-Inc/Qamomile/blob/feature/layer/docs/tutorial/usage/ansatz_layers.ipynb)

[yuyamashiro]

use English in docstrings.

[yuyamashiro]

remove the comment out lines.

[yuyamashiro]

use English