Add type checking

[Schamper]

Closes #68

I've chosen to use pyright because it appears to be the current most advanced type checking tool available for Python. I've set this project to use strict type checking, but other settings are basic and standard. For most other Dissect projects, I think we should just start out with basic and incrementally increase it.

The side-effect of type checking in the lint step are that we now must also install dependencies in order to check types with that.

I've given it my best shot to make dissect.util adhere to the strict ruleset.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 88.48168% with 22 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 86.26%. Comparing base (27b44fe) to head (3b20fbd).
⚠️ Report is 19 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
dissect/util/cpio.py	77.41%	7 Missing ⚠️
dissect/util/tools/dump_nskeyedarchiver.py	0.00%	5 Missing ⚠️
dissect/util/compression/__init__.py	55.55%	4 Missing ⚠️
dissect/util/stream.py	87.09%	4 Missing ⚠️
dissect/util/encoding/surrogateescape.py	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
dissect/util/plist.py	98.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main      #69   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   86.26%   86.26%           
=======================================
  Files          20       20           
  Lines        1303     1354   +51     
=======================================
+ Hits         1124     1168   +44     
- Misses        179      186    +7     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	86.26% <88.48%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

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[codspeed-hq]

Merging this PR will improve performance by 15.17%

⚡ 1 improved benchmark
✅ 27 untouched benchmarks

Performance Changes

	Benchmark	BASE	HEAD	Efficiency
⚡	test_benchmark_large_lz4_decompress[python]	203 µs	176.3 µs	+15.17%

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_{Comparing typing (79046f9) with main (ab5e6d1)}