Allow xarray-based broadcasting for scale factor

[AlgoFoe]

Description

What is this PR

• Bug fix
• Addition of a new feature
• Other

Why is this PR needed?

• The previous scale implementation implicitly reshaped and squeezed scaling factors, which could lead to ambiguous or unintended broadcasting (e.g. when space and time dimensions have the same length).

What does this PR do?

• Defers scaling factor broadcasting to xarray’s native alignment rules.
• Preserves xarray.DataArray factors and allows dimension-aware scaling (e.g. time-dependent factors).

References

• Closes Scale an array by a factor that changes in time #790

How has this PR been tested?

• New tests were added to cover:
  • Dimension-aware scaling via xarray.DataArray
  • Time-dependent scaling factors

Is this a breaking change?

• No.

Does this PR require an update to the documentation?

• Yes, the scale() docstring was updated accordingly.

Checklist:

• The code has been tested locally
• Tests have been added to cover all new functionality
• The documentation has been updated to reflect any changes
• The code has been formatted with pre-commit

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 100.00%. Comparing base (fffc05f) to head (5bc5761).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##              main      #805   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%           
=========================================
  Files           34        34           
  Lines         2118      2112    -6     
=========================================
- Hits          2118      2112    -6     

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[niksirbi]

Thanks @AlgoFoe, we'll review this PR when we find some time.

Note that the Build Sphinx Docs action fails due to an unrelated reason, which I'm fixing in #807.

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud