Async Settlement RWA Vault

An ERC-4626 vault that enforces real T+1/T+2 settlement delays for tokenized real-world assets (Treasuries, private credit) while maintaining maximum capital efficiency and stable NAV.

No forced liquidity buffers. No artificial instant redemptions. Just realistic operations — on-chain.

Why This Exists

Most RWA vaults in 2025 are either:

• Instant (sacrifice yield for liquidity)
• Fully permissioned/off-chain (no composability)

This vault models the real operational friction of institutional assets:

• Redemption requests lock price immediately
• 48-hour configurable delay before claim
• Admin deposits realized yield in batches

Async redemption flow with RWA-specific enhancements (stable NAV, slippage, compliance rescind).

Key Features

• Stable NAV accounting — override totalAssets() to subtract pending liabilities → no redemption-induced price spikes
• _decimalsOffset = 12 — maximum inflation attack protection for 6-decimal USDC
• Slippage protection — minAssets param in requestRedeem
• cancelRedeem — fat-finger recovery before claimable (with late-cancel block for ops protection)
• rescindRedemption — admin compliance override (sanctions/blocked claims)
• InsufficientLiquidity error — clear UX when vault is dry
• depositYield — admin injects off-chain realized returns

Testing & Proof

• Unit tests — happy paths, edges, reverts
• Invariant fuzzing — 1000 runs × 128 depth → solvency and accounting invariants hold
• Fork tests — mainnet + Sepolia with official Circle USDC (real proxy, blacklist logic)
• CI — fmt, build, unit, invariants, fork, gas snapshot, coverage

Live on Sepolia

Vault: 0x9dC96F7D1161F2E40b1D855C57c5FD2a46cFf6b5 (verified)

Assumptions & Known Trade-offs

• Yield is realized only — admin deposits net returns (matches batch ops)
• Pending redeemers forfeit accrual during delay — incentive to stay
• Admin is trusted multisig for yield deposit and rescind
• Compliance events handled by rescindRedemption (funds remain in vault)
• No on-chain continuous accrual oracle (by design — avoids centralization)

Running Locally

forge test -vvv                    # unit + invariants (local Anvil)
forge test --fork-url $MAINNET_RPC # fork tests on mainnet

👨‍💻 Author

Kalyan TR

Former regulated-domain QA (Finance + Healthcare) → transitioning to Web3 Security Active on CodeHawks & Code4rena

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📄 License

This project is licensed under the MIT License — see LICENSE for details.